Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934)
Congress accepted the challenge of secretary of state for India. lord Birkenhead to prepare a constitution by Indian leader acceptable to all the parties.Under Motilal Nehru a report was introduced known as Nehru Report.Which not only prepared Constitution but also put a demand before the british to give the status of dominion state of india within one year.
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| Civil Disobedience from 1930 to 1934 |
Purna swaraj
Since british did not give the dominion state to india within one year therefore congress demand purna swaraj in Lahore session in 1929 on 26th january .In1930 india celebrated its indepence day in the bank of ravi river in Lahore.
14th point demand of Jinnah
Jinnah refused the constitution prepared by Indian leaders because he did not give a wide amount of concession to the muslim league therefore Jinnah put forward 14th demand before the british which were however rejected by the british.
11th point demand of Gandhi
Gandhi wated to go in his second mass movement but before that he put forward 11th demand before the british which were rejected.
After the refusal of 11th point demand of Gandhi,he launched his Civil Disobedience movement by Dandi Andolan(salt march).Gandhi went Sabarmati to Dandi with his 78 followers and had broken the salt law,therefore this movement is also known as ‘Salt Satyagraha civil disobedience movement’ had wide impact on the country.In Madras Raj Gopalachari was leading the movement.In Bihar Rajendra Prasad was leading against the chowkidari tax.Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was leading the movement which was known as ‘Red Shirt Movement’.He formed a party named ‘Khudai Khidmatgar’ (sarvents of Allah).He was also known as ‘Frontier Gandhi’.
In Nagaland a 17th years old girl Gadine lieu was leading the movement .She was given a title of ‘Rani’ by Gandhi.
Gandhi Irwin Pact (1931)
On 5th march 1931 Lord Irwin and Gandhi concluded a pact under which Gandhi suspended Civil Disobedience movement and went to London to participate in the 2nd round table conference.Gandhi was the representative of congress in London.He was associated with Saragini Naidu.During his visit to London Winston Churchill commented on Gandhi as half naked fakir ,on the matter of communal agenda the talk has broken down .Gandhi came back to india and again started Civil Disobedience movement .However the changed governor general Lord Willingdon ruthlessly suppress the movement and Gandhi was arrested and put in yerwada jail in pune.General webmiller described the police atrocities witnessed in Dharasana,Gujarat.During the absene of Gandhi the Civil Disobedience movement was led by Abbas Tyabji.
Macdonald Award / Communal Award 1932
British prime minister Ramsay Macdonald announced that Dalit would be given the privilege of separate electorate system.
Poona Pact (1932)
In Yerwada jail Gandhi opposed the Macdonald Award and went on hunger strike.Due to the illness of Gandhiji, Ambedkar visited yerwada jail to see Gandhi.In yerwada jail a pact was concluded between Gandhi and Ambedkar known a Poona Pact, under this act Ambedkar withdraw the demand of separate electorate system of Dalit and accept the joined electrorate system.
Seats of the dalit in the central legislative assembly increased from 71 to 148.
By 1934 Civil Disobedience movement came to an end and congress was declard as illegal party.
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